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Kereta Api 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<\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><font size=\"-1\"><b>\u65b0\u95fb\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<\/b>www.bloomberg.com<br \/> <b>\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/features\/2024-10-05\/will-china-s-rail-ambitions-leave-laos-vietnam-malaysia-facing-debt-traps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Will China&apos;s Rail Ambitions Leave Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia Facing Debt Traps?<\/a><br \/> <b>\u65b0\u95fb\u65e5\u671f\uff1a<\/b>2024-10-05<br \/> <b>\u539f\u6587\u6458\u8981\uff1a<\/b><\/font><\/p>\n<pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">Just outside the capital of Laos \u2014 a country with an economy smaller than Vermont \u2014 a $6 billion rail line carves its way through rice paddies and forested mountains toward the border with China.  Further south, Malaysia\u2019s king is seeking Chinese investors for a  to Singapore, while in Vietnam, a $6.3 billion trio of railroads built by Beijing are a linchpin in the nation\u2019s efforts to bolster its economy and regional trade ties. Together they form the missing links to what China calls a \u201c\u201d that would eventually connect the nation\u2019s manufacturing provinces more than 4,000 kilometers (2,490 miles) to Singapore. Many of these projects will take decades to justify their upfront costs \u2014 and that\u2019s according to people who support them. Critics say they\u2019ll never break even and that such \u201cdebt trap\u201d investments primarily serve China\u2019s economic and geopolitical interests, leaving poorer nations stuck footing the bill. Either way, the network of new and proposed railways coursing through Southeast Asia underscore the latest way China is cementing its role as the region\u2019s key benefactor, with the US far behind. Beijing \u201chas been championing railway development,\u201d Malaysian Transport Minister  told Bloomberg during an interview in Kuala Lumpur. \u201cThey are connecting China with the rest of the Asian continent.\u201dFor countries such as landlocked Laos, where regional leaders are gathering next week for a summit of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, the burden that comes with embracing expensive infrastructure can be particularly heavy. Stretching from the capital Vientiane to Kunming, China, the Laos railway has helped residents in one of Asia\u2019s poorest nations save time, money and even lives compared to more  road routes. Since launching three years ago, it has transported some 6 million passengers and 9.5 million tons of cargo, according to data provided by Laos-China Railway Co. The socialist government has also  visa fees for Chinese visitors in a bid to boost tourism. But for a nation with a debt load larger than its , the project\u2019s $1.79 billion cost \u2014 representing Laos\u2019 30% share in the joint venture \u2014 is formidable. The  has said the China-backed project is \u201c to bring major economic benefits\u201d and has \u201cthe potential to present a very large contingent liability.\u201d Laos\u2019 acting central bank Governor  acknowledged the nation\u2019s \u201ceconomic and financial difficulties,\u201d but said the rail project is able to service its own debts. \u201cI foresee that the Laos-China Railway might come to the breakeven point earlier than it\u2019s expected,\u201d Dalaloy said during an interview, citing \u201cthe flow of their revenues through the banking system.\u201d Despite questions about the project\u2019s economic viability, the railway has become a posterchild for success in Chinese President \u2019s flagship Belt and Road Initiative. Around the world, the BRI has drawn criticism for backing expensive, white-elephant projects \u2014 like a little used  in Nigeria \u2014 and pressing countries such as Sri Lanka to borrow so much that it helped push them into default. But rail projects are still sought after across the Global South, from Indonesia to . And China is often the partner of choice. \u201cThe Chinese are better than other providers at seeing a railway as part of a broader story rather than as an individual, financially viable project,\u201d said , director of the Griffith Asia Institute. Now those disparate pieces are starting to fall into place. China already built Southeast Asia\u2019s first high-speed rail network in Jakarta, a $7.2 billion project that  operations last year to fanfare in a metropolis choked by gridlock. In July, Thailand launched a  between Bangkok and Vientiane ahead of a  high-speed rail system that will link to China via Laos by 2028.A Chinese-built rail bridging the east and west coasts of Peninsular Malaysia is  for completion by the end of 2026. Prime Minister \u2019s government has proposed linking it to Thailand\u2019s rail network.Even Vietnam, which has a long list of grievances with Beijing in the South China Sea, is on board. Communist Party leader  inked a rail cooperation deal with Xi in August, touting Beijing\u2019s role in helping to build three rail lines connecting the two countries and  Chinese participation in another between Vientiane and a seaport in central Ha Tinh province that\u2019s  worth $6.3 billion.More and more, such projects are seen as a way to boost tourism, cross-border trade and reinforce supply chain resiliency at a critical time for global trade. That is a sharp shift in outlook from just a few years ago, when many BRI projects in Asia were perceived as unfair or corrupt. Then-Malaysian Prime Minister  suspended three BRI projects in 2018, including its $20 billion Chinese railway, calling the venture a \u201cnew version of colonialism.\u201d Yet after facing a $5 billion cancelation penalty, the two sides renegotiated the cost of the 640-kilometer (400 miles) project down to  ($17.8 billion). Transport Minister Loke said it could still take anywhere from 50-100 years to recoup the project\u2019s costs but he insisted that it\u2019s still worth it.\u201cYou have to look at how this project can transform the country,\u201d Loke said, citing the expected development of industrial parks.Even Mahathir has come around. In an Oct. 2 interview, he said, \u201cIt's obvious many Southeast Asian countries have a lot of resources, materials it exports to China and sending it by ship takes a long time \u2014 it's not convenient. If we have a rail line linking Southeast Asia with China, products from Southeast Asia can reach China faster and probably at a lower cost.\u201dIt\u2019s too early to know whether the golden corridor will be fully realized. Indonesian officials  their China-backed railway saved millions in fuel costs and slashed commuting times. Yet it\u2019s also missed . The state-owned operator, PT Kereta Api Indonesia, has expressed concerns over its debt burden and called for additional government assistance to cover operational costs. Beijing  \u201cmutually beneficial cooperation\u201d with developing countries in a written reply to Bloomberg\u2019s questions. \u201cMutual connections and links are going deeper and more substantial,\u201d China\u2019s Foreign Minister  said during a meeting with regional counterparts in July. The \u201cChina-Laos railway is booming.\u201dExpanding rail links also give Beijing another way to showcase its national security prowess. The new Laos line has already been used to tanks and armored trucks during joint drills. Asean officials may single it out during next week\u2019s meetings: last year\u2019s summit in Indonesia included Chinese Premier Li Qiang taking a joyride on the link between Jakarta and Bandung.The growing web of Chinese infrastructure projects hasn\u2019t gone unnoticed in Washington. The US touts its expanding efforts to boost infrastructure in Asia as more transparent and less risky. The flagship effort in that program is a port upgrade in Sri Lanka backed by a $553 million loan from the US Development Finance Corp. At the same time, China is revamping how it makes infrastructure loans after getting burned by defaults in nations including Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Even with the new US efforts, China has the biggest wallet for developing nations to turn to, and countries still see the benefit of that cooperation. Asean Secretary General said in an interview that a broader Southeast Asian rail network would bring \u201ctremendous benefit\u201d to a bloc that represents the world\u2019s fifth-largest economy. \u201cI mean, everyone\u2019s in debt,\u201d he said. \u201cThe most important thing is how countries manage the debt.\u201d <\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<div style=\"margin: 20px 0;\"><div class=\"qrcswholewtapper\" style=\"text-align:left;\"><div class=\"qrcprowrapper\"  id=\"qrcwraa2leds\"><div class=\"qrc_canvass\" id=\"qrc_cuttenpages_2\" style=\"display:inline-block\" data-text=\"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/?p=2923\"><\/div><div><a download=\"\u4e2d\u56fd\u94c1\u8def\u8ba1\u5212\u6216\u4ee4\u8001\u631d\u3001\u8d8a\u5357\u53ca\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a\u6df1\u9677\u503a\u52a1\u56f0\u5883\uff1f.png\" class=\"qrcdownloads\" id=\"worign\">\r\n           <button type=\"button\" style=\"min-width:200px;background:#44d813;color:#000;font-weight: 600;border: 1px solid #44d813;border-radius:20px;font-size:12px;padding: 6px 0;\" class=\"uqr_code_btn\">\u6587\u7ae0\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801<\/button>\r\n           <\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f4d\u4e8e\u8001\u631d\u9996\u90fd\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u89c4\u6a21\u5c0f\u4e8e\u4f5b\u8499\u7279\u5dde\u7684\u5c0f\u56fd\u2014\u2014\u516d\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u94c1\u8def\u6b63\u5728\u7a7f\u8d8a\u7a3b\u7530\u4e0e\u5c71\u5ce6\uff0c\u5411\u4e2d\u56fd\u8fb9\u5883\u63a8\u8fdb\u3002\u9a6c\u6765\u897f\u4e9a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[1711,4360,2624,4359,4358],"class_list":["post-2923","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-79","tag-china","tag-debt-traps","tag-infrastructure","tag-railways","tag-southeast-asia"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2923","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2923"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2923\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2924,"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2923\/revisions\/2924"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2923"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2923"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2923"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}