{"id":2534,"date":"2024-10-03T21:34:53","date_gmt":"2024-10-03T13:34:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kafeizha.com\/?p=2534"},"modified":"2024-10-03T21:34:53","modified_gmt":"2024-10-03T13:34:53","slug":"%e5%ae%8b%e5%bc%bc%e5%bc%bc%ef%bc%9a%e6%af%9b%e6%b3%bd%e4%b8%9c%e5%8a%a8%e8%8d%a1%e6%97%b6%e6%9c%9f%e7%9a%84%e8%b1%a1%e5%be%81%e6%80%a7%e5%a5%b3%e6%80%a7%ef%bc%8c%e4%ba%ab%e5%b9%b477%e5%b2%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/?p=2534","title":{"rendered":"\u5b8b\u5f3c\u5f3c\uff1a\u6bdb\u6cfd\u4e1c\u52a8\u8361\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u8c61\u5f81\u6027\u5973\u6027\uff0c\u4eab\u5e7477\u5c81"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u65b0\u95fb\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<\/b>www.nytimes.com
\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/b>Song Binbin, Poster Woman for Mao\u2019s Bloody Upheaval, Dies at 77<\/a>
\u65b0\u95fb\u65e5\u671f\uff1a<\/b>2024-10-01
\u539f\u6587\u6458\u8981\uff1a<\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

Song Binbin, a student leader of China\u2019s Red Guards who in 1966 was embroiled in the beating death of her high school principal, one of the most notorious killings of the Cultural Revolution \u2014 and who publicly apologized for her actions almost a half-century later \u2014 died on Sept. 16. She was 77.\nHer death was reported by a brother, Song Kehuang, on the Chinese app WeChat, saying she had died in the United States. He provided no other details.\nNews of her death set off renewed debate on Chinese social media about the adequacy of Ms. Song\u2019s tearful apology in 2014, as well as the Communist Party\u2019s failure to acknowledge the true toll of the Cultural Revolution, the decade-long rampage that Mao Zedong unleashed in the 1960s, claiming more than one million lives, and that remains a heavily censored topic in China.\nA daughter of a prominent general in the People\u2019s Liberation Army, Ms. Song was enrolled at Beijing Normal University Girls High School when she and classmates responded to Mao\u2019s call for young people to turn against intellectuals, educators and others who supposedly held bourgeois values.\nOn Aug. 5, 1966, students attacked Bian Zhongyun, a 50-year-old mother of four who headed the school. She was kicked and beaten with sticks spiked with nails. After passing out, she was thrown onto a garbage cart and left to die.\nHer death has been widely described as the first killing of a teacher during the Cultural Revolution, a violent spasm establishing Mao\u2019s cult of personality, with masses waving his Little Red Book of his writings.\nIn August and September 1966, nearly 1,800 people died in attacks by Red Guards, a militant youth group, and other zealots across Beijing, according to party estimates published in 1980.\nTwo weeks after Ms. Bian\u2019s death, more than one million young Red Guards thronged Tiananmen Square, where Ms. Song had been selected to pin a red armband around Mao\u2019s left sleeve as they stood atop the towering Gate of Heavenly Peace. A photograph of the moment appeared across the country. Praised by Mao, Ms. Song, at 19, became a kind of celebrity in China.\nBut the whirlwind of the Cultural Revolution soon turned on Ms. Song\u2019s family. Her father, Song Renqiong, was purged from the Communist Party in 1968, and Ms. Song and her mother were put under house arrest. The Cultural Revolution ended only when Mao died in 1976.\nMs. Song, whose family regained its prominence among China\u2019s elite, traveled to the United States, where she earned a master\u2019s degree in geochemistry from Boston University in 1983 and a Ph.D. from M.I.T. in 1989. She changed her name to Yan Song, married, became a naturalized U.S. citizen and worked for the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection.\nShe moved back to China in 2003.\nFor many years, Ms. Song kept quiet about her days in Mao\u2019s Red Guard, reflecting the official silence about the period. But given her former prominence, she faced pressure to speak as a trickle of other former Red Guards began apologizing. \nOn Jan. 12, 2014, Ms. Song visited her old school and expressed remorse, bowing before a statue of Ms. Bian and delivering a 1,500-word speech. \u201cI am responsible for the unfortunate death of Principal Bian,\u201d she said, according to The Beijing News. (Ms. Bian\u2019s title was officially deputy principal, but she was referred to as the principal because she was serving in that role at the time in an acting capacity.)\nIn 2004, Wang Youqin, a schoolmate of Ms. Song\u2019s who later became a historian at the University of Chicago, published \u201cVictims of the Cultural Revolution,\u201d a book that included a description of the death of Ms. Bian and of Ms. Song\u2019s role in the turmoil at the girls\u2019 high school.\nAfter Ms. Bian\u2019s death, Ms. Wang wrote, \u201cEvery school in China became a torture chamber, prison or even execution ground, and many teachers were persecuted to death.\u201d\nMs. Song denied that she had participated directly in the beating; she said, in fact, that she had tried to stop others who did. But she acknowledged that she and a fellow student were Red Guard leaders and that they were among the first to post so-called big-character posters \u2014 publicly displayed signs handwritten in a large format \u2014 denouncing teachers.\n\u201cThe Cultural Revolution at Beijing Normal University Girls\u2019 High School began when I participated in posting the first big-character poster on June 2, 1966,\u201d she told The Beijing News.\nHer apology prompted mixed reactions. Some Chinese welcomed her gesture; others said it was inadequate, too late or needed to be accompanied by a true reckoning from the Communist Party.\nSome commenters stressed that Ms. Song should bear a greater burden because of her prominence among the Red Guards. \u201cIt\u2019s meaningless to say you witnessed a murder and then say you don\u2019t know who the killers were,\u201d said Cui Weiping, a retired professor of literature who writes about China\u2019s past, as quoted by The New York Times in 2014.\nOne person who was unsatisfied was Ms. Bian\u2019s widower, Wang Jingyao. He had taken photos of his wife\u2019s battered body after her death as well as of the posters that her tormentors had hung in their apartment after breaking in. One sign threatened to \u201chack you to pieces,\u201d another to \u201chold up your pigs\u2019 ears.\u201d\n\u201cShe is a bad person, because of what she did,\u201d Mr. Wang told The Times in 2014, when he was 93. \u201cShe and the others were supported by Mao Zedong. Mao was the source of all evil. He did so much that was bad.\u201d \nSong Binbin was born in 1947, one of eight children of Song Renqiong and Zhong Yuelin, according to a family tree published by Bloomberg in 2012. Her father was one of the \u201ceight elders\u201d of the Communist Party who led the country\u2019s economic opening after Mao\u2019s death, acquiring wealth and influence.\nSong Renqiong supported the Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping during the violent crackdown of protesters in Tiananmen Square in 1989. Three of his six daughters left China in the 1980s for the United States and became American citizens, according to Bloomberg.\nMs. Song married Jin Jiansheng, who was president of a Massachusetts company. He died in 2011. Her survivors include a son, Yan Jin.\nAt the time of her apology, when she was in her mid-60s, Ms. Song said that she had been anticipating it for some time. \n\u201cFailure to protect the school leaders is a lifelong pain and regret,\u201d she said.\n<\/pre>\n
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