{"id":1957,"date":"2024-09-29T21:25:36","date_gmt":"2024-09-29T13:25:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kafeizha.com\/?p=1957"},"modified":"2024-09-29T21:25:36","modified_gmt":"2024-09-29T13:25:36","slug":"%e4%b8%96%e7%95%8c%e6%9c%80%e5%bc%ba%e5%9b%bd%e5%ae%b6%e9%9d%a2%e5%af%b9%e4%b8%ad%e4%b8%9c%e6%88%98%e7%81%ab%e6%9d%9f%e6%89%8b%e6%97%a0%e7%ad%96","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/?p=1957","title":{"rendered":"\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u5f3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u9762\u5bf9\u4e2d\u4e1c\u6218\u706b\u675f\u624b\u65e0\u7b56"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fd1\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u4e1c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5404\u5927\u56fd\u672a\u80fd\u963b\u6b62\u6216\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd\u6218\u4e8b\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5931\u8d25\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5f53\u4eca\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5145\u6ee1\u5206\u88c2\u800c\u975e\u96c6\u6743\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u72b6\u6001\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u6301\u7eed\u5b58\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u548c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8c08\u5224\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u7ed3\u675f\u52a0\u6c99\u5730\u5e26\u7684\u6218\u6597\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u88ab\u62dc\u767b\u653f\u5e9c\u591a\u6b21\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u5373\u5c06\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5374\u5747\u4ee5\u5931\u8d25\u544a\u7ec8\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u897f\u65b9\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u6b63\u8bd5\u56fe\u907f\u514d\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u4ee5\u9ece\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u89c6\u4e3a\u5371\u673a\u7ba1\u7406\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u5728\u54c8\u6851\u00b7\u7eb3\u65af\u5c14\u62c9\u88ab\u4ee5\u519b\u51fb\u6bd9\u540e\uff0c\u5176\u6210\u529f\u4e0e\u5426\u663e\u5f97\u5341\u5206\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u5f53\u4eca\u4e16\u754c\u5206\u6743\u529b\u91cf\u8fdc\u8d85\u96c6\u4e2d\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u201d\u524d\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u7406\u67e5\u5fb7\u00b7\u54c8\u65af\u8bc4\u8bba\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u4e2d\u4e1c\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u5371\u9669\u5206\u6563\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u6848\u4f8b\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u7eb3\u65af\u5c14\u62c9\u4f5c\u4e3a30\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u9ece\u5df4\u5ae9\u771f\u4e3b\u515a\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u8be5\u56fd\u975e\u56fd\u5bb6\u6b66\u88c5\u529b\u91cf\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u5efa\u8bbe\u8005\uff0c\u5176\u88ab\u6740\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u7247\u7a7a\u767d\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4f0a\u6717\u6253\u51fb\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5176\u652f\u6301\u8005\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u6253\u51fb\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u52a8\u6447\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u662f\u5426\u4f1a\u5c55\u5f00\u5168\u9762\u6218\u4e89\u4ecd\u4e0d\u660e\u6717\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u7eb3\u8d5b\u5c14\u662f\u4e3a\u771f\u4e3b\u515a\u4ee3\u8a00\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u662f\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u524d\u950b\uff0c\u201d\u6cd5\u56fd\u4e2d\u4e1c\u95ee\u9898\u4e13\u5bb6\u5409\u5c14\u65af\u00b7\u79d1\u4f69\u5c14\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u6216\u8bb8\u5df2\u88ab\u524a\u5f31\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u81f4\u547d\u6027\u7684\u524a\u5f31\u3002\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0d\u7981\u8981\u95ee\uff0c\u5728\u4eca\u65e5\u8c01\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u4e0b\u8fbe\u771f\u4e3b\u515a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u591a\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u552f\u4e00\u5177\u5907\u5bf9\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u548c\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u56fd\u5bb6\u65bd\u52a0\u79ef\u6781\u538b\u529b\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5b83\u63a8\u52a8\u4e861978\u5e74\u7684\u6234\u7ef4\u8425\u534f\u8bae\uff08Camp David Accords\uff09\uff0c\u8be5\u534f\u8bae\u5e26\u6765\u4ee5\u57c3\u548c\u5e73\uff1b\u4ee5\u53ca1994\u5e74\u4ee5\u7ea6\u548c\u5e73\u3002\u4e09\u5341\u4f59\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u5409\u897f\u514b\u00b7\u91cc\u592b\u7684\u966a\u540c\u4e0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u603b\u7406\u4f0a\u624e\u514b\u00b7\u62c9\u5bbe\u548c\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u89e3\u653e\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e3b\u5e2d\u963f\u4e9a\u5fb7\u5728\u767d\u5bab\u8349\u576a\u4e0a\u63e1\u624b\uff0c\u8c61\u5f81\u7740\u548c\u5e73\u7684\u51b3\u5fc3\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u77ed\u6682\u5e0c\u671b\u9010\u6e10\u6d88\u5931\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e16\u754c\u5df2\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u957f\u8fbe\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u5bf9\u4f0a\u6717\u7684\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u53ca\u5bf9\u771f\u4e3b\u515a\u53ca\u5176\u76df\u53cb\u5982\u9ece\u5df4\u5ae9\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002\u534e\u76db\u987f\u5df2\u5c06\u54c8\u9a6c\u65af\u548c\u771f\u4e3b\u515a\u5b9a\u4e3a\u6050\u6016\u7ec4\u7ec7\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u907f\u5f00\u7f8e\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u8303\u56f4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u6709\u957f\u671f\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a10\u670828\u65e5\u62dc\u767b\u653f\u5e9c\u7b7e\u7f72\u7684\u4ef7\u503c150\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u63f4\u52a9\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5728\u6218\u7565\u548c\u56fd\u5185\u653f\u6cbb\u8003\u91cf\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u56f4\u7ed5\u4e24\u4e2a\u6c11\u4e3b\u56fd\u5bb6\u5171\u4eab\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u7684\u94c1\u677f\u9489\u9489\u7ed3\u76df\u610f\u5473\u7740\u7f8e\u56fd\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5a01\u80c1\u5207\u65ad\u6216\u5b8c\u5168\u505c\u6b62\u6b66\u5668\u4f9b\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u5728\u52a0\u6c99\u5730\u5e26\u5bf9\u54c8\u9a6c\u65af\u6050\u6016\u88ad\u51fb\u6240\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5e73\u6c11\u4f24\u4ea1\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5176\u90e8\u5206250\u4eba\u7ed1\u67b6\u7684\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u65b9\u9762\u4ec5\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6e29\u548c\u7684\u8c34\u8d23\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u6570\u4e07\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u4eba\u5728\u52a0\u6c99\u6b7b\u4ea1\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5927\u91cf\u65e0\u8f9c\u5e73\u6c11\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bf9\u4e8e\u56f0\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u76df\u53cb\u7684\u652f\u6301\u5374\u662f\u575a\u5b9a\u4e0d\u79fb\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u7b56\u672a\u6765\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\u53ea\u4f1a\u662f\u8fb9\u7f18\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u9274\u4e8e\u5e74\u8f7b\u4eba\u4e2d\u65e5\u76ca\u589e\u957f\u7684\u5bf9\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u540c\u60c5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u56fd\u5bb6\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u65c1\u89c2\u8005\uff0c\u6218\u4e89\u8513\u5ef6\u65f6\u9c9c\u6709\u5e72\u6d89\u3002\u4e2d\u56fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4f0a\u6717\u77f3\u6cb9\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8fdb\u53e3\u56fd\u548c\u65b0\u5174\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u626e\u6f14\u8c03\u505c\u8005\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u7f3a\u4e4f\u610f\u613f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e2e\u52a9\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u9009\u4e3e\u5373\u5c06\u6765\u4e34\u4e4b\u9645\u3002\u5b83\u4f9d\u9760\u4f0a\u6717\u4e3a\u5176\u5728\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u4e0d\u53ef\u89e3\u4e4b\u8c1c\u4e2d\u7684\u9632\u5fa1\u6280\u672f\u4e0e\u65e0\u4eba\u673a\u83b7\u53d6\u652f\u63f4\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4efb\u4f55\u8ff9\u8c61\u8868\u660e\u7f8e\u56fd\u8870\u843d\u6216\u9677\u5165\u4e2d\u4e1c\u6ce5\u6f6d\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u6301\u70ed\u5207\u6001\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u524d\u603b\u7edf\u5510\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u7279\u6717\u666e\u7684\u56de\u5f52\u767d\u5bab\u7684\u9884\u671f\uff0c\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bbd\u5bb9\u5411\u666e\u4eac\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5bf9\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u5927\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81f3\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u533a\u5927\u56fd\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u6216\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u4e8b\u4e1a\u7684\u627f\u8bfa\u6765\u76f4\u63a5\u6311\u6218\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4f0a\u6717\u4e5f\u8c28\u614e\u884c\u4e8b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5168\u9762\u6218\u4e89\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u7ec8\u7ed3\uff1b\u57c3\u53ca\u62c5\u5fc3\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u96be\u6c11\u6d8c\u5165\uff1b\u800c\u6c99\u7279\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u5bfb\u6c42\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u56fd\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5374\u4e0d\u613f\u4e3a\u6b64\u4ed8\u51fa\u751f\u547d\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5361\u5854\u5c14\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e00\u5e74\u4ee5\u6bcf\u5e74\u6570\u4ebf\u7f8e\u5143\u7684\u8d44\u91d1\u652f\u6301\u54c8\u9a6c\u65af\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u52a0\u6c99\u5efa\u7acb\u9519\u7efc\u590d\u6742\u7684\u96a7\u9053\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u524d\u603b\u7406\u672c\u96c5\u660e\u00b7\u5185\u5854\u5c3c\u4e9a\u80e1\u5bf9\u6b64\u89c6\u800c\u4e0d\u89c1\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u89c6\u4e3a\u524a\u5f31\u897f\u5cb8\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u81ea\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u7834\u574f\u4efb\u4f55\u548c\u5e73\u673a\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>10\u67087\u65e5\u7684\u707e\u96be\u4e5f\u662f\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u548c\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u5229\u7528\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u5efa\u56fd\u4e8b\u4e1a\u5bfb\u6c42\u653f\u6cbb\u5229\u76ca\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e00\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u90fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u5982\u4f55\u91cd\u5efa\u548c\u5e73\u6216\u505c\u6218\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u8feb\u4f7f\u5168\u7403\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u4eec\u524d\u5f80\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u5927\u4f1a\u5e74\u4f1a\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5b89\u5168\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u51e0\u4e4e\u56e0\u5bf9\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u76f8\u5173\u51b3\u8bae\u7684\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u5426\u51b3\u6743\u800c\u505c\u6ede\u4e0d\u524d\uff1b\u6216\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0e\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u51b3\u8bae\u5219\u9762\u4e34\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5426\u51b3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u4e54\u00b7\u62dc\u767b\u63cf\u7ed8\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u6b63\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u5206\u53c9\u70b9\u201d\uff0c\u5728\u6c11\u4e3b\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u4e13\u5236\u653f\u6743\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u79d8\u4e66\u957f\u53e4\u7279\u96f7\u65af\u6240\u8a00\uff0c\u201c\u9488\u5bf9\u54c8\u9a6c\u65af\u4e00\u5e74\u524d\u2018\u4ee4\u4eba\u53d1\u6307\u2019\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u96c6\u4f53\u60e9\u7f5a\u201d\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u6fc0\u6012\u4e86\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f3c\u4e4e\u672a\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u5c40\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u81f4\u4e14\u534f\u8c03\u7684\u56fd\u9645\u884c\u52a8\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u603b\u7406\u5185\u5854\u5c3c\u4e9a\u80e1\u548c\u54c8\u9a6c\u65af\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e9a\u8d6b\u4e9a\u00b7\u8f9b\u74e6\u5c14\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u540e\u679c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f7b\u5fae\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u8ffd\u6c42\u7834\u574f\u6027\u7684\u8def\u7ebf\uff0c\u5176\u7ed3\u5c40\u4e0d\u660e\u6717\u4f46\u5fc5\u5c06\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u727a\u7272\u751f\u547d\u3002\u5185\u5854\u5c3c\u4e9a\u80e1\u5df2\u7ecf\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u52aa\u529b\u63a8\u52a8\u4e0e\u6c99\u7279\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u6b63\u5e38\u5316\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u5728\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u4e16\u754c\u5177\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u8eb2\u907f\u5bfc\u81f410\u67087\u65e5\u707e\u96be\u7684\u519b\u4e8b\u548c\u60c5\u62a5\u5931\u8d25\u6240\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u6b63\u5f0f\u8c34\u8d23\uff0c\u5185\u5854\u5c3c\u4e9a\u80e1\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u6218\u4e89\u7684\u5ef6\u957f\u6301\u6709\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u56de\u907f\u5bf9\u5176\u8150\u8d25\u6307\u63a7\u7684\u5ba1\u5224\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u7b49\u5f85\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u5510\u7eb3\u5fb7\u00b7\u7279\u6717\u666e\u518d\u6b21\u5f53\u9009\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6210\u4e3a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u76df\u53cb\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b21\u9009\u4e3e\u6765\u4e34\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u5bb6\u5ead\u4e3a\u6218\u4e89\u9001\u4e0a\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5176\u6700\u9ad8\u6307\u6325\u5b98\u662f\u5426\u771f\u6b63\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u6293\u4f4f\u4efb\u4f55\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u673a\u4f1a\u4ee5\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u64a4\u56de\u58eb\u5175\u4eec\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u60c5\u51b5\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4fb5\u8680\u4e86\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u7075\u9b42\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u81f3\u4e8e\u8f9b\u74e6\u5c14\uff0c\u4ed6\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u5728\u52a0\u6c99\u533a\u6301\u6709\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u4eba\u8d28\u7684\u6743\u529b\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u8206\u8bba\u4e2d\u76f8\u5f53\u5927\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u3002\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u5df4\u52d2\u65af\u5766\u513f\u7ae5\u88ab\u6740\uff0c\u5168\u7403\u5bf9\u4ee5\u8272\u5217\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u6e10\u8d8b\u8d1f\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b80\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u8f9b\u74e6\u5c14\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u8def\u7ebf\u7684\u7406\u7531\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u201c\u6df7\u4e71\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4e3a\u4ed6\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u5168\u7403\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u673a\u6784\u81ea20\u4e16\u7eaa\u4e2d\u53f6\u4ee5\u6765\u663e\u7136\u65e0\u6cd5\u5e94\u5bf9\u65b0\u7684\u5343\u5e74\u7684\u6311\u6218\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u4e0b\u3001\u6548\u80fd\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u8fc7\u65f6\u4e14\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5df2\u4e0d\u518d\u9002\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6559\u8bad\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002 <\/p>\n<hr>\n<p><font size=\"-1\"><b>\u65b0\u95fb\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<\/b>www.nytimes.com<br \/> <b>\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2024\/09\/29\/world\/middleeast\/middle-east-war-peace-nasrallah.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Why the World\u2019s Biggest Powers Can\u2019t Stop a Middle East War<\/a><br \/> <b>\u65b0\u95fb\u65e5\u671f\uff1a<\/b>2024-09-29<br \/> <b>\u539f\u6587\u6458\u8981\uff1a<\/b><\/font><\/p>\n<pre style=\"white-space: pre-wrap;\">Over almost a year of war in the Middle East, major powers have proved incapable of stopping or even significantly influencing the fighting, a failure that reflects a turbulent world of decentralized authority that seems likely to endure.\nStop-and-start negotiations between Israel and Hamas to end the fighting in Gaza, pushed by the United States, have repeatedly been described by the Biden administration as on the verge of a breakthrough, only to fail. The current Western-led attempt to avert a full-scale Israeli-Hezbollah war in Lebanon amounts to a scramble to avert disaster. Its chances of success seem deeply uncertain after the Israeli killing of Hassan Nasrallah, the longtime leader of Hezbollah on Friday.\n\u201cThere\u2019s more capability in more hands in a world where centrifugal forces are far stronger than centralizing ones,\u201d said Richard Haass, the president emeritus of the Council on Foreign Relations. \u201cThe Middle East is the primary case study of this dangerous fragmentation.\u201d\nThe killing of Mr. Nasrallah, the leader of Hezbollah over more than three decades and the man who built the Shiite organization into one of the most powerful nonstate armed forces in the world, leaves a vacuum that Hezbollah will most likely take a long time to fill. It is a major blow to Iran, the chief backer of Hezbollah, that may even destabilize the Islamic Republic. Whether full-scale war will come to Lebanon remains unclear.\n\u201cNasrallah represented everything for Hezbollah, and Hezbollah was the advance arm of Iran,\u201d said Gilles Kepel, a leading French expert on the Middle East and the author of a book on the world\u2019s upheaval since Oct. 7. \u201cNow the Islamic Republic is weakened, perhaps mortally, and one wonders who can even give an order for Hezbollah today.\u201d\nFor many years, the United States was the only country that could bring constructive pressure to bear on both Israel and Arab states. It engineered the 1978 Camp David Accords that brought peace between Israel and Egypt, and the Israel-Jordan peace of 1994. Just over three decades ago, Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin of Israel and Yasir Arafat, the chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization, shook hands on the White House lawn in the name of peace, only for the fragile hope of that embrace to erode steadily.\nThe world, and Israel\u2019s primary enemies, have since changed. America\u2019s ability to influence Iran, its implacable foe for decades, and Iran\u2019s proxies like Hezbollah, is marginal. Designated as terrorist organizations in Washington, Hamas and Hezbollah effectively exist beyond the reach of American diplomacy.\nThe United States does have enduring leverage over Israel, notably in the form of military aid that involved a $15 billion package signed this year by President Biden. But an ironclad alliance with Israel built around strategic and domestic political considerations, as well as the shared values of two democracies, means Washington will almost certainly never threaten to cut \u2014 let alone cut off \u2014 the flow of arms.\nThe overwhelming Israeli military response in Gaza to the Oct. 7 Hamas massacre of Israelis and its seizure of some 250 hostages has drawn mild reprimands from Mr. Biden. He has called Israel\u2019s actions \u201cover the top,\u201d for example. But American support for its embattled ally has been resolute as Palestinian casualties in Gaza have risen into the tens of thousands, many of them civilians.\nThe United States, under any conceivable presidency, is not about to desert a Jewish state whose existence had been increasingly questioned over the past year, from American campuses to the streets of the very Europe that embarked on the annihilation of the Jewish people less than a century ago.\n\u201cIf U.S. policy toward Israel ever changed, it would only be at the margins,\u201d Mr. Haass said, despite the growing sympathy, especially among young Americans, for the Palestinian cause.\nOther powers have essentially been onlookers as the bloodshed has spread. China, a major importer of Iranian oil and a major supporter of anything that might weaken the American-led world order that emerged from the ruins in 1945, has little interest in donning the mantle of peacemaker.\nRussia also has scant inclination to be helpful, especially on the eve of the Nov. 5 election in the United States. Reliant on Iran for defense technology and drones in its intractable war in Ukraine, it is no less enthused than China over any signs of American decline or any opportunity to bog America down in a Middle Eastern mire.\nBased on his past behavior, the potential return to the White House of former President Donald J. Trump is likely seen in Moscow as the return of a leader who would prove complaisant toward President Vladimir V. Putin.\nAmong regional powers, none is strong enough or committed enough to the Palestinian cause to confront Israel militarily. In the end, Iran is cautious because it knows the cost of all-out war could be the end of the Islamic Republic; Egypt fears an enormous influx of Palestinian refugees; and Saudi Arabia seeks a Palestinian state, but would not put Saudi lives on the line for that cause.\nAs for Qatar, it funded Hamas with hundreds of millions of dollars a year that went in part to the construction of a labyrinthine web of tunnels, some as deep as 250 feet, where Israeli hostages have been held. It enjoyed the complicity of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who saw Hamas as an effective way to undermine the Palestinian Authority in the West Bank and so undercut any chance of peace.\nThe disaster of Oct. 7 was also the culmination of the cynical manipulation, by Arab and Israeli leaders, of the Palestinian quest for statehood. A year on, nobody knows how to pick up the pieces.\nSo in their annual pilgrimage, now ongoing, world leaders troop to the meeting of the General Assembly of the United Nations, where the Security Council is largely paralyzed by Russian vetoes over any Ukraine-related resolutions and American vetoes over Israel-related resolutions.\nThe leaders listen to Mr. Biden depict, yet again, a world at an \u201cinflection point\u201d between rising autocracy and troubled democracies. They hear the U.N. secretary general, Ant\u00f3nio Guterres, deplore the \u201ccollective punishment\u201d of the Palestinian people \u2014 a phrase that incensed Israel \u2014 in response to the \u201cabhorrent acts of terror committed by Hamas almost a year ago.\u201d\nBut Mr. Guterres\u2019s words, like Mr. Biden\u2019s, seem to echo in the strategic vacuum of an \u00e0 la carte world order, suspended between the demise of Western domination and the faltering rise of alternatives to it. The means to pressure Hamas, Hezbollah and Israel all at once \u2014 and effective diplomacy would require leverage over all three \u2014 do not exist.\nThis unraveling without rebuilding has precluded effective action to stop the Israel-Gaza war. There is no global consensus on the need for peace or even a cease-fire. In the past, war in the Middle East led to soaring oil prices and tumbling markets, forcing the world\u2019s attention. Now, said Itamar Rabinovich, a former Israeli ambassador to the United States, \u201cthe attitude is, \u2018OK, so be it.\u2019\u201d\nAbsent any coherent and coordinated international response, Mr. Netanyahu and Yahya Sinwar, the Hamas leader and a mastermind of the Oct. 7 attack, face no consequences in pursuing a destructive course, whose endpoint is unclear but which will certainly involve the loss of more lives.\nMr. Netanyahu has shunned a serious American effort to bring about the normalization of relations with Saudi Arabia, perhaps the most important country in the Arab and Islamic world, because its price would be some serious commitment to the establishment of a Palestinian state, the very thing he has devoted his political life to preventing.\nMr. Netanyahu\u2019s interest in the prolonging of the war to sidestep a formal reprimand for the military and intelligence failures that led to the Oct. 7 attack \u2014 a catastrophe for which the buck stopped on the prime minister\u2019s desk \u2014 complicates any diplomatic efforts. So does his attempt to avoid facing the personal charges of fraud and corruption brought against him. He is playing a waiting game, that now includes offering little or nothing until Nov. 5, when Mr. Trump, whom he considers a strong ally, may be elected.\nIsraeli families who send their children to war do not know how committed their commander in chief is to bringing those young soldiers home safely by seizing any viable opportunity for peace. This, many Israelis say, is corrosive to the soul of the nation.\nAs for Mr. Sinwar, the Israeli hostages he holds give him leverage. His apparent indifference to the massive loss of Palestinian life in Gaza affords him considerable sway over world opinion, which has progressively turned against Israel as more Palestinian children are killed.\nIn short, Mr. Sinwar has little reason to change course; and, in what Stephen Heintz, the president of the Rockefeller Brothers Fund philanthropic organization has called \u201cthe age of turbulence,\u201d the world is not about to change that course for him.\n\u201dThe institutions that have guided international relations and global problem solving since the mid-20th century are clearly no longer capable of addressing the problems of the new millennium,\u201d Mr. Heintz wrote in a recent essay. \u201cThey are inefficient, ineffective, anachronistic, and, in some cases, simply obsolete.\u201d\nThat, too, has been a lesson of the year since Hamas struck.\n<\/pre>\n<p><\/p>\n<div style=\"margin: 20px 0;\"><div class=\"qrcswholewtapper\" style=\"text-align:left;\"><div class=\"qrcprowrapper\"  id=\"qrcwraa2leds\"><div class=\"qrc_canvass\" id=\"qrc_cuttenpages_2\" style=\"display:inline-block\" data-text=\"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/?p=1957\"><\/div><div><a download=\"\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u5f3a\u56fd\u5bb6\u9762\u5bf9\u4e2d\u4e1c\u6218\u706b\u675f\u624b\u65e0\u7b56.png\" class=\"qrcdownloads\" id=\"worign\">\r\n           <button type=\"button\" style=\"min-width:200px;background:#44d813;color:#000;font-weight: 600;border: 1px solid #44d813;border-radius:20px;font-size:12px;padding: 6px 0;\" class=\"uqr_code_btn\">\u6587\u7ae0\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7801<\/button>\r\n           <\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8fd1\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u4e1c\u5730\u533a\u7684\u51b2\u7a81\uff0c\u5404\u5927\u56fd\u672a\u80fd\u963b\u6b62\u6216\u663e\u8457\u5f71\u54cd\u6218\u4e8b\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5931\u8d25\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u5f53\u4eca\u4e16\u754c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5145\u6ee1\u5206\u88c2\u800c\u975e\u96c6\u6743\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[69],"tags":[3139,924,3141,3140,2366],"class_list":["post-1957","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-69","tag-3139","tag-924","tag-3141","tag-3140","tag-2366"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1957","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1957"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1957\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1958,"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1957\/revisions\/1958"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1957"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1957"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1957"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}