{"id":1939,"date":"2024-09-28T22:36:27","date_gmt":"2024-09-28T14:36:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kafeizha.com\/?p=1939"},"modified":"2024-09-28T22:36:27","modified_gmt":"2024-09-28T14:36:27","slug":"%e4%b8%ad%e5%9b%bd%e5%9c%a8%e5%85%a8%e7%90%83%e8%a7%92%e5%8a%9b%e4%b8%ad%e5%90%af%e7%94%a8%e4%bd%8e%e6%88%90%e6%9c%ac%e4%b8%94%e9%ab%98%e6%95%88%e7%9a%84%e7%ad%96%e7%95%a5%ef%bc%9a%e5%88%b6%e9%80%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/?p=1939","title":{"rendered":"\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u5168\u7403\u89d2\u529b\u4e2d\u542f\u7528\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u4e14\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff1a\u5236\u9020\u5047\u4fe1\u606f"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5f53\u8d44\u6df1\u7f8e\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u5e93\u5c14\u7279\u00b7\u574e\u8d1d\u5c14(Kurt Campbell)\u8bbf\u95ee\u6240\u7f57\u95e8\u7fa4\u5c9b\u4ee5\u904f\u5236\u4e2d\u56fd\u5728\u5357\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u56fd\u5bb6\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fc5\u901f\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f20\u64ad\u5176\u4fe1\u606f\u6240\u505a\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u662f\u4f55\u7b49\u6df1\u8fdc\u30022022\u5e74\u67d0\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ece\u5f53\u5730\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u8bfb\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u957f\u7bc7\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u58f0\u79f0\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u4e4c\u514b\u5170\u8bbe\u6709\u5316\u5b66\u548c\u751f\u7269\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff0c\u534e\u76db\u987f\u65b9\u9762\u5219\u575a\u79f0\u8fd9\u662f\u5f7b\u5934\u5f7b\u5c3e\u7684\u8c0e\u8a00\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u5047\u65b0\u95fb\u59cb\u4e8e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u4e2d\u56fd\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u6d77\u5916\u5ba3\u4f20\u673a\u5668\u6781\u529b\u63a8\u6ce2\u52a9\u6f9c\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5173\u952e\u7b56\u7565\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u4f2a\u88c5\u6210\u5408\u6cd5\u65b0\u95fb\u673a\u6784\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u53d1\u5e03\u652f\u6301\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u62a5\u9053\uff0c\u5185\u5bb9\u5f80\u5f80\u7d27\u8ddf\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u5b98\u65b9\u58f0\u660e\u548c\u7acb\u573a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9999\u519c\u00b7\u8303\u6851(Shannon Van Sant)\u62c5\u4efb\u9999\u6e2f\u81ea\u7531\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u987e\u95ee\uff0c\u5979\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u6570\u5341\u4e2a\u5192\u5145\u65b0\u95fb\u673a\u6784\u7f51\u7ad9\u6784\u6210\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ad9\u70b9\u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u4e0e\u300a\u7ebd\u7ea6\u65f6\u62a5\u300b\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u5b57\u4f53\u548c\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff0c\u4f01\u56fe\u8425\u9020\u51fa\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u7684\u5047\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4f20\u9012\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4eb2\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u7814\u7a76\u8be5\u7f51\u7ad9\u8bb0\u8005\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u8eab\u4efd\u540e\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\u4efb\u4f55\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4e0e\u4e2d\u56fd\u73b0\u6709\u8bb0\u8005\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u7167\u7247\u4e5f\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u5a92\u4f53\u64cd\u63a7\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5bf9\u8bfb\u8005\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u8bef\u5bfc\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6c11\u4e3b\u9020\u6210\u635f\u5bb3\u3002\u201d\u8303\u6851\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u56fd\u9a7b\u7f8e\u5927\u4f7f\u53d1\u8a00\u4eba\u5218\u9e4f\u5b87\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u5229\u7528\u65b0\u95fb\u7f51\u7ad9\u548c\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u4f20\u64ad\u4eb2\u5317\u4eac\u4fe1\u606f\u53ca\u5f71\u54cd\u7f8e\u56fd\u8206\u8bba\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u201c\u5145\u6ee1\u4e86\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u6076\u610f\u731c\u6d4b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u575a\u51b3\u53cd\u5bf9\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u5b98\u65b9\u5a92\u4f53\u5916\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u8fd8\u8f6c\u5411\u4e86\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5b9e\u4f53\u4ee5\u4f20\u8fbe\u8baf\u606f\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u4e3a\u4e2d\u5171\u6784\u5efa\u6b63\u9762\u7684\u53d9\u4e8b\uff0c\u8ba9\u540e\u8005\u5728\u56fd\u9645\u793e\u4f1a\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u591a\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u5206\u6821\u4fe1\u606f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\u5458\u8096\u5f3a(Xiao Qiang)\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u591a\u6837\uff0c\u4e14\u4e0e\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5f80\u5f80\u96be\u4ee5\u8bc1\u5b9e\u3002\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u5e26\u6709\u7f8e\u56fd\u53e3\u97f3\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u8fd8\u662f\u5370\u5ea6\u7f51\u7ea2\uff0c\u5176\u4e00\u8d2f\u7684\u4eb2\u4e2d\u5171\u7acb\u573a\u63ed\u793a\u4e86\u771f\u76f8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u516c\u53f8Logically\u8bc6\u522b\u52301200\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u6765\u81ea\u4fc4\u4e2d\u5b98\u65b9\u5a92\u4f53\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ad9\u70b9\u9488\u5bf9\u7279\u5b9a\u53d7\u4f17\uff0c\u5e76\u5177\u6709\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u50cf\u4f20\u7edf\u65b0\u95fb\u673a\u6784\u6216\u5df2\u505c\u4ea7\u62a5\u7eb8\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u548c\u4f0a\u6717\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u603b\u7edf\u7ade\u9009\u4e2d\u5c55\u73b0\u51fa\u660e\u786e\u504f\u597d\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u5219\u66f4\u4e3a\u8c28\u614e\u4e14\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u4f20\u64ad\u4e2d\u56fd\u6b63\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f51\u7ad9\u5e76\u975e\u7531\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u6240\u6709\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u53d1\u5e03\u7684\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u8d44\u8baf\u5185\u5bb9\u3002Logically\u5728\u5bf9\u4e0e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u9009\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7ea620%\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u81f3\u4fc4\u4e2d\u5b98\u65b9\u5a92\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

\u201c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u7ae0\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u7f8e\u56fd\u53d7\u4f17\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6d88\u606f\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u201dLogically\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7b56\u7565\u5206\u6790\u5e08\u4e9a\u5386\u514b\u65af\u00b7\u5c3c\u5c14\u68ee(Alex Nelson)\u8bf4\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6839\u636e\u76d6\u6d1b\u666e\u5168\u7403\u6c11\u610f\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u53d7\u8bbf\u56fd\u5bb6\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u6574\u4f53\u5448\u73b0\u79ef\u6781\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6301\u6709\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u548c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d1f\u9762\u770b\u6cd5\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\u6570\u91cf\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8e15\u5e74\u524d\u6709\u6240\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u7f8e\u56fd\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u8d5b\u4e2d\u5e76\u672a\u53d6\u5f97\u663e\u8457\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u201c\u8981\u5728\u5168\u7403\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u535a\u5f08\u4e2d\u83b7\u80dc\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ec5\u4f9d\u9760\u666e\u901a\u9884\u7b97\u8fdb\u884c\u6295\u5165\u3002\u201d\u7ebd\u7ea6\u5dde\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u8bae\u5458\u683c\u96f7\u6208\u91cc\u00b7\u6885\u514b\u65af(Rep. Gregory Meeks)\u8bf4\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5317\u4eac\u5728\u5168\u7403\u65b0\u5174\u6280\u672f\u7ade\u8d5b\u4e2d\u6295\u5165\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u7535\u52a8\u6c7d\u8f66\u3001\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u82af\u7247\u3001\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u91cf\u5b50\u8ba1\u7b97\u7b49\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u65e8\u5728\u786e\u4fdd\u9886\u5148\u4f18\u52bf\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u79d1\u6280\u9886\u57df\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u5c06\u5e26\u6765\u957f\u671f\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u4f18\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u8bb2\u8ff0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0d\u754f\u91c7\u7528\u5047\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u56fd\u52a1\u96622023\u5e74\u7684\u4e00\u4efd\u62a5\u544a\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\u4f0a\u5e06(Yi Fan)\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u4f5c\u5bb6\u8d77\u521d\u88ab\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u5206\u6790\u5e08\uff0c\u5728\u7ecf\u5386\u89d2\u8272\u8f6c\u6362\u540e\u6210\u4e3a\u8bb0\u8005\u548c\u72ec\u7acb\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d44\u6599\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4f46\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u53d1\u8868\u8bc4\u8bba\u3001\u64b0\u5199\u6587\u7ae0\u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f0a\u5e06\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e0e\u975e\u6d32\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u5bc6\u5207\u3001\u8d5e\u626c\u4e2d\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u5728\u73af\u5883\u53ef\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u65b9\u9762\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\uff0c\u5e76\u4e3a\u53cd\u9a73\u897f\u65b9\u6b6a\u66f2\u53d9\u4e8b\u800c\u53d1\u58f0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u6709\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u5a01\u5c14\u900a\u00b7\u7231\u5fb7\u534e\u65af(Wilson Edwards)\u7684\u865a\u6784\u745e\u58eb\u75c5\u6bd2\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u4f5c\u4e3aCOVID-19\u4e13\u5bb6\u51fa\u73b0\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u745e\u58eb\u5b98\u65b9\u67e5\u8bc1\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u4ed6\u5e76\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u201c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u80fd\u89c1\u5230\u60a8\u5c31\u597d\u4e86\uff01\u201d\u5317\u4eac\u7684\u745e\u58eb\u5927\u4f7f\u9986\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u5199\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u65b0\u95fb\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<\/b>www.abcnews.go.com
\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/b>In global game of influence, China turns to a cheap and effective tool: fake news<\/a>
\u65b0\u95fb\u65e5\u671f\uff1a<\/b>2024-09-28
\u539f\u6587\u6458\u8981\uff1a<\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

When veteran U.S. diplomat Kurt Campbell traveled to the Solomon Islands to counter Beijing's influence in the South Pacific country, he quickly saw just how far China would go to spread its message.\nThe Biden administration\u2019s Asia czar woke up one morning in 2022 to a long article in the local press about the U.S. running chemical and biological labs in Ukraine, a claim that Washington calls an outright lie. Started by Russia, the false and incendiary claim was vigorously amplified by China's vast overseas propaganda apparatus.\nIt was another example of \u201cclearly effective Russian and Chinese disinformation,\" Campbell told the Senate Foreign Relations Committee in July.\nTwo years later, the claim still reverberates online, demonstrating China's sprawling effort to reshape global perceptions. The campaign, costing many billions per year, is becoming ever more sophisticated thanks to artificial intelligence. China's operations have caught the attention of intelligence analysts and policymakers in Washington, who vow to combat any actions that could influence the November election or undermine American interests. \nThe key tactic: networks of websites purporting to be legitimate news outlets, delivering pro-China coverage that often parallels official statements and positions from Beijing.\nShannon Van Sant, an adviser to the Committee for Freedom in Hong Kong Foundation, tracked a network of dozens of sites that posed as news organizations. One site mimicked The New York Times, using a similar font and design in what she called an attempt at legitimacy. The site carried strongly pro-Chinese messages. \nWhen Van Sant researched the site's reporters she found no information. Their names didn't belong to any known journalists working in China, and their photos bore telltale signs of being created with AI.\n\u201cManipulation of the media is ultimately a manipulation of readers and the audience, and this is damaging to democracy and society,\u201d Van Sant said.\nLiu Pengyu, spokesman for the Chinese Embassy in the U.S., said allegations that China uses news websites and social media to spread pro-Beijing information and influence public opinion in the U.S. \u201care full of malicious speculations against China, which China firmly opposes.\u201d\nIn addition to its state media, Beijing has turned to foreign players \u2014 real or not \u2014 to relay messages and lend credibility to narratives favoring the Communist Party, said Xiao Qiang, a research scientist at the School of Information at the University of California, Berkeley. Xiao also is editor-in-chief of China Digital Times, a bilingual news website that aggregates information from and about China. \nBeijing's methods are wide-ranging and links to the government are often difficult to prove, Xiao said. But whether it's journalists with American-sounding names or an Indian influencer, the consistently pro-Beijing messages give them away.\n\"The implicit message is the same \u2014 that the Chinese Communist Party works for its people,\u201d Xiao said.\nAnalysts at the cybersecurity firm Logically identified 1,200 websites that had carried Russian or Chinese state media stories. The sites often target specific audiences and have names that sound like traditional news organizations or defunct newspapers.\nUnlike Russia or Iran, which have displayed clear preferences in the U.S. presidential campaign, Beijing is more cautious and focused on spreading positive content about China.\nWhile the sites aren't owned by China, they run Chinese content. When Logically looked at content specifically about the U.S. election, 20% could be traced back to Chinese or Russian state media.\n\u201cThere's a decent likelihood that these articles could influence U.S. audiences without them even knowing where it comes from,\u201d said Alex Nelson, Logically's senior manager for strategy and analysis.\nAccording to the Gallup World Poll, more countries surveyed view the U.S. positively, but the share of countries where views of both the U.S. and China are negative overall is higher than 15 years ago, signaling the U.S. doesn\u2019t appear to be making gains over China.\nSome U.S. officials want to increase spending to even the playing field. The House of Representatives this month approved a bill that would authorize $325 million annually through 2027 to counter China\u2019s global influence, including its disinformation campaigns. The measure still needs Senate approval.\n\u201cWe are in a global competition for influence with China, and if you want to win it, then you cannot do it on a middle-power budget,\u201d said Rep. Gregory Meeks, a Democrat from New York.\nChinese President Xi Jinping has demanded a systematic buildup of Chinese narratives that would give his country a global voice \u201ccommensurate with\u201d its international stature. \nBeijing has invested in state media such as the Xinhua news agency and China Central Television to convey its messages to global audiences in various languages and platforms. Media groups at the local level are creating \u201cinternational communication centers\u201d to build an overseas presence with websites, news channels and social media accounts. \nBeijing also has struck media partnerships worldwide, and the article Campbell read in the Solomon Islands is likely a result of those.\nChina\u2019s outreach is tied to the global race for economic dominance in electric vehicles, computer chips, AI and quantum computing, said Jaret Riddick, a senior fellow at Georgetown University's Center for Security and Emerging Technology.\n\u201cThe countries that lead on emerging technologies will be the countries that have a great advantage going forward,\u201d Riddick said.\nTo tell its story, Beijing has not shied away from using fake personas. A 2023 State Department report detailed the case of a published writer named Yi Fan, originally described as a Chinese foreign ministry analyst. Yi morphed into a journalist, then became an independent analyst. \nYi's details changed, but the message did not. Through published commentaries and writings, Yi trumpeted close ties between China and Africa, praised Beijing\u2019s approach to environmental sustainability and argued that China must counter distorted Western narratives.\nThen there was Wilson Edwards, a supposed Swiss virologist quoted in Chinese media as a COVID-19 expert who criticized the U.S. response. But Swiss officials found no evidence he existed.\n\u201cIf you exist, we would like to meet you!\u201d the Swiss Embassy in Beijing wrote on social media.\n___\nAP writer Amelia Thomson-DeVeaux contributed from Washington.\n<\/pre>\n
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