{"id":1693,"date":"2024-09-25T21:42:29","date_gmt":"2024-09-25T13:42:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kafeizha.com\/?p=1693"},"modified":"2024-09-25T21:42:29","modified_gmt":"2024-09-25T13:42:29","slug":"%e6%9f%ac%e5%9f%94%e5%af%a8%e6%9c%9f%e5%be%85%e6%96%b0%e8%bf%90%e6%b2%b3%e4%bf%83%e8%bf%9b%e8%b4%b8%e6%98%93%ef%bc%8c%e4%bd%86%e6%81%90%e6%8d%9f%e5%ae%b3%e6%bb%8b%e5%85%bb%e6%95%b0%e7%99%be%e4%b8%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/news.tomjun.com\/?p=1693","title":{"rendered":"\u67ec\u57d4\u5be8\u671f\u5f85\u65b0\u8fd0\u6cb3\u4fc3\u8fdb\u8d38\u6613\uff0c\u4f46\u6050\u635f\u5bb3\u6ecb\u517b\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6e44\u516c\u6cb3\u3002"},"content":{"rendered":"

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– \u8def\u900f\u793e\u7684\u6c14\u5019\u4e0e\u73af\u5883\u62a5\u9053\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u79c1\u4eba\u57fa\u91d1\u4f1a\u7684\u8d22\u52a1\u652f\u6301\u3002\u8def\u900f\u793e\u72ec\u81ea\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u8d1f\u8d23\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u8def\u900f\u793e\u4e0e\u6148\u5584\u673a\u6784\u5408\u4f5c\u7684\u539f\u5219\u548c\u8d44\u52a9\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8bf7\u8bbf\u95eeAP.org. <\/p>\n

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\u65b0\u95fb\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<\/b>www.abcnews.go.com
\u539f\u6587\u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/b>Cambodia hopes a new canal will boost trade. But it risks harming the Mekong that feeds millions.<\/a>
\u65b0\u95fb\u65e5\u671f\uff1a<\/b>2024-09-25
\u539f\u6587\u6458\u8981\uff1a<\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

The Mekong River is a lifeline for millions in the six countries it traverses on its way from its headwaters to the sea, sustaining the world\u2019s largest inland fishery and abundant rice paddies on Vietnam's Mekong Delta. \nCambodia's plan to build a massive canal linking the Mekong to a port on on its own coast on the Gulf of Thailand is raising alarm that the project could devastate the river's natural flood systems, worsening droughts and depriving farmers on the delta of the nutrient-rich silt that has made Vietnam the world's third-largest rice exporter.\nCambodia hopes that the $1.7 billion Funan Techo canal, being built with Chinese help, will support its ambition to export directly from factories along the Mekong without relying on Vietnam, connecting the capital Phnom Penh with Kep province on Cambodia's southern coast. \nAt an Aug. 5 groundbreaking ceremony, Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet said the canal will be built \u201cno matter what the cost.\u201d By reducing costs of shipping to Cambodia's only deep-sea port, at Sihanoukville, the canal will promote, \u201cnational prestige, the territorial integrity and the development of Cambodia,\u201d he said. \nAlong with those promises comes peril. Here is a closer look.\nThe Mekong River flows from China through Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Vietnam. It supports a fishery that accounts for 15% of the global inland catch, worth over $11 billion annually, according to the nonprofit World Wildlife Fund. Flooding during the wet season makes the Mekong Delta one of the world's most productive farm regions.\nThe river already has been disrupted by dams built upstream in Laos and China that restrict the amount of water flowing downstream, while rising seas are gnawing away at the southern edges of the climate-vulnerable Mekong Delta.\nBrian Eyler, director of the Washington-based Stimson Center\u2019s Southeast Asia Program, warns that high embankments along the 100-meter (328 feet)-wide, 5.4-meter (17.7 feet)-deep canal will prevent silt-laden floodwater from flowing downstream to Vietnam. That could worsen drought in Vietnam's rice bowl and Cambodia's floodplains, an area stretching over roughly 1,300-square kilometers (501 square miles).\nA drier Mekong Delta is a concern for Vietnam\u2019s agricultural sector, which powers 12% of its economy. The southwestern provinces of An Giang and Kien Giang would likely be most impacted. The delta's latticework of rivers crisscrossing green fields is vital for Vietnam\u2019s own plans of growing \u201chigh quality, low emission rice\u201d on 1 million hectares of farmland by 2030. The aim is to cut earth-warming greenhouse gases, lower production costs and increase farmers\u2019 profits.\nWater from the river is \u201cessential\u201d not just for Vietnam's more than 100 million people but also for global food security, said Nguyen Van Nhut, director of rice export company Hoang Minh Nhat.\nVietnam\u2019s exports of 8.3 million metric tons (9.1 U.S. tons) of rice in 2023 accounted for 15% of global exports. Most was grown in the Mekong Delta. The amount of silt being deposited by the river has already dropped and further disruptions will worsen salinity in the area, hurting farming, Nhat said.\n\u201cThis will be a major concern for the agriculture sector of the Mekong delta,\u201d he said.\nCambodia says the canal is a \u201ctributary project\u201d that will connect to the Bassac River near Phnom Penh. President Hun Sen claimed on social media platform X that this means there would be \u201cno impact on the flow of the Mekong River.\u201d\nBut blueprints show the canal will connect to the Mekong's mainstream and in any case the Bassac consists entirely of water from the Mekong, Eyler said.\nCambodian authorities are downplaying the potential environmental impacts of the project. \u201cThis is their logic-defying basis for justifying no impact to the Mekong River,\u201d he said.\nA document submitted in August 2023 to the Mekong River Commission \u2014 an organization formed for cooperation on issues regarding the Mekong \u2014 does not mention using water from the canal for irrigation, though Cambodia has since said it plans to do so. The Stimson Center added it was \u201clogical\u201d that irrigation would be needed during dry months, but that would require negotiating an agreement with the other Mekong countries. \nThe Mekong River Commission told The Associated Press all major projects on the Mekong River \u201cshould be assessed for their potential transboundary impacts.\u201d It said it was providing technical support to \u201cincrease transparency and cooperation among concerned countries.\u201d \nSun Chanthol, the Cambodian deputy prime minister who oversees the project, didn\u2019t respond to a request for comments.\nCambodia has rejected criticism of the canal, which is widely seen as an effort by the country's ruling elite to curry support for Prime Minister Hun Manet, who succeeded his father Hun Sen, who led Cambodia for 38 years.\nThe canal is to be built jointly by Chinese state-owned construction giant China Road and Bridge Corporation and Cambodian companies. But it is enveloped in nationalistic rhetoric. The canal would provide Cambodia a \u201cnose to breathe through\u201d by reducing its dependence on Vietnam, Hun Sen has said. \nVietnam has avoided openly criticizing its neighbor, instead communicating its concerns quietly. Vietnamese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Pham Thu Hang said at a press conference in May that Hanoi had asked Cambodia to share information and assess the environmental impacts of the project to \u201censure the harmony of interests\u201d of Mekong countries.\nMany Cambodians remain suspicious of Vietnam\u2019s intentions, believing it may want to annex Cambodian territory. Given the contentious past between the two countries, bigger and richer Vietnam is taking care not to appear to be impinging on Cambodian sovereignty, said Nguyen Khac Giang, an analyst at Singapore\u2019s ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute. \n\"Although in Vietnam, there are big concerns,\u201d he said.\nLost in Cambodia's nationalistic rhetoric are the concerns of people like Sok Koeun, 57, who may lose her home. \nThe tin-roofed cottage where she has lived with her family since 1980 is right where the canal is due to be built. The river provides her with fish to feed her family when she struggles to get by selling sugarcane juice and recycling plastic cans. \nNo one has been in touch, she says, to answer her mounting questions: Will she get compensated? Will she get land? Or cash? Where will they go?\n\u201cI only learned about it (the canal) just now,\u201d she said.\n___\nThe Associated Press\u2019 climate and environmental coverage receives financial support from multiple private foundations. AP is solely responsible for all content. Find AP\u2019s standards for working with philanthropies, a list of supporters and funded coverage areas at AP.org.\n<\/pre>\n
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